Industrial emissions management – European Commission unveiled measures to achieve climate neutrality

zarządzani emisjami CO2 – Komisja Europejska przedstawiła działania mające na celu osiągniecie neutralności klimatycznej

The European Union has pledged to achieve climate neutrality by 2050. One of the key measures in this regard is the reduction ofCO2 emissions. The development of technologies for gas capture, storage and utilization is necessary to achieve the goals. Therefore, the European Commission in February 2024. adopted a communication on industrial management ofCO2 emissions, which provides information on how modern technologies can contribute to the reducing emissions by 90 percent. By 2040. and to achieve climate neutrality within the allotted time.

Strategy for industrial management ofCO2 emissions

Industrial management ofCO2 emissions involves the use of a range of technologies to capture, store, transport and use the greenhouse gas from industrial plants, as well as to remove it from the atmosphere. The EU Industrial Emissions Management Strategy aims to develop these technologies and the regulatory and investment framework to support them.

It focuses on three main technological pathways:

  • CO2 capture for storage (CCS): carbon dioxide from fossil fuels, plants or other sources is captured for geological storage in a safe and sustainable manner;
  • CO2 capture for utilization (CCU): Captured carbon dioxide is used in synthetic products, chemicals or fuels in place of carbon from fossil fuels;
  • Removal ofCO2 from the atmosphere: biogenic or atmospheric carbon dioxide is captured by technological means and permanently stored.

The strategy identifies three different stages in the development of industrialCO2 management in Europe:

  • EU strategic goal for 2030. is to provideCO2 storage capacity of at least 50 million tons per year; this requires transport infrastructure, i.e. adequate gas pipelines and ships, as well as adapted road and rail transportation;
  • By 2040. most regionalCO2 value chains should become economically viable, and carbon dioxide should become a tradable commodity in the context of its storage or use in the EU single market; up to one-third of theCO2 captured will be reused;
  • after 2040. Industrial management ofCO2 emissionsshould be an integral part of the EU economic system, and biogenic or atmospheric carbon dioxide should become the main source of carbon for industrial or transportation processes.

Industrial management ofCO2 emissions – transport infrastructure

The communiqué also highlightedCO2 transport infrastructure as an important enabler of the modern technologies needed to create a fully developed market for exchanging and managing this gas in Europe. If the capturedCO2 cannot be developed directly at the site of capture, it is necessary to transport it to where it will be used in industrial processes (e.g., in the production of building materials, synthetic fuels, plastics or other chemicals) or permanently stored. Carbon dioxide can be transported by pipeline, ship, truck or rail.

The amount ofCO2 transported in the EU today is insufficient compared to future needs. New investments are needed to build infrastructure to accommodate the increased scale ofCO2 capture, storage and utilization and industrial disposal. A study conducted by the European Commission’s Joint Research Center (JRC), which used model data that formed the basis of the 2040 climate target communication, estimated that in 2030 the total length ofCO2 transport infrastructure will exceed 7,000. km, and it could cost up to €12.2 billion to implement. Ten years later, the projected figures will rise to 19,000, respectively. km and €16 billion.

Industrial management ofCO2 emissions – financing opportunities for new technologies

According to the European Commission website, it is estimated that after 2030. Capturing 360 to 790 million tons ofCO2 will generate a total economic value of 45-100 billion euros and help create up to 170,000. green jobs. However, a combination of public and private funding at EU and national levels is needed to spur the development of this market.

CO2 management technologies are currently supported by the following EU programs and funds:

  • Innovation Fund: this fund is the main instrument for financing processes pursuing decarbonization in industry – through it, the EU supports the launch of first large-scale innovations and reduces the cost of implementing next-generation projects. To date, the fund has provided more than €3.3 billion in support in the form of grants, financed by the EU Emissions Trading Scheme. Twenty-six large and small CCS and CCU projects received them.
  • Connecting Europe Facility (CEF): This is a key EU mechanism for supporting the development of cross-border energy and transport infrastructure projects. To date, some €680 million have been awarded toCO2 projects of common interest to more than one entity.
  • Horizon Europe: Between 2007 and 2023, the Commission invested more than 540 million euros in innovative carbon capture, storage and utilization (CCUS) solutions through successive research and innovation (FP7, Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe).

Will industrial management ofCO2 emissions achieve climate neutrality?

The European Union is introducing a number of initiatives to support the reduction, capture and storage ofCO2. The adopted strategy for industrial emissions management will certainly contribute to reducing emissions by 2040. by 90 percent. and achieve climate neutrality by 2050. However, the EU will have to significantly increase its efforts in this sector. Currently, 20 member states have included industrialCO2 management solutions in their national energy and climate plans.

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